مجله مطالعات اسلامی در حوزه سلامت
پیاپی 1 (پاییز 1396)

Each person’s inner tendencies has a crucial role in his spiritual health. Worldliness is a tendency which has serious consequences for the health and bliss of people’s both individual and social life and impede them from the attainment of spiritual health and a blissful life. There are too many valuable solutions to this problem in our religious teachings. In this article, by using religious texts, my main intention is to explain and analyze this disastrous phenomenon from two viewpoints: first, the determination of key factors cause worldliness, for instance: attractions of earthly pleasures, weakness of faith and the prevalence of ignorance and materialistic opinions amongst politicians and decision-makers. Second, the recognition of unfavorable consequences of worldliness for spiritual health such as distress, mental illness, abasement, corrupt behavior, and finally the solutions to this catastrophic disease.

The concept of health has wide dimensions such as physical, mental, social, emotional, spiritual, etc., which requires the recognition and preservation of these dimensions. The present paper survey how to achieve spiritual health underthe Quran teachings and Islamic lifestyle. In this paper, which method is DesceriptiveEvolutional study, findings suggest that individual and collective health, and especially spiritual health, have been raised in a transcendental Islamic culture as a value. Signs of spiritual health appear in the three component includes security, felicity and dignity, and if individuals can reveal these signs in their path to their lives, they have come to the forefront of spiritual health. In the religious and Quran teachings, The way of discovering and strengthening spiritual health is through worship of the goddess. Because worship is a kind of meditation and Upgrade yourself, which is meat to act as an integral part of itself, which is itself a Self-fulfillment. Considering that spiritual health is the main axis of Islamic lifestyle, one of the most important indicators of Islamic lifestyle is faithfulness and good practice, and we will need both of them to achieve the hayate-tayyebeh or the most completeIslamic lifestyle.

In Islamic culture, the referral of a patient to a physician is obligatory for medical treatment, and the refusal of the physician of treatment has a warranty, in addition to Forbidden. On the way of treatment, from examination to treatment, the physician has close interaction with the patient, which requires that the principles of ethics, jurisprudence and law be properly observed. By examining genuine Islamic texts, we have three principles of Pietism, Bailment, and Telling the Truth that are the basis of many of the physicianpatient interactions. Piety, the highest ethical virtue in the Holy Qur'an, and the first recommendation of Imam Ali (A.S) to doctors. Professional piety is also not achieved without individual vigilance, and a medicine that does not control one's own soul will be hurt for him.Professional piety requires that the physician be required to recognize and adhere to the lawful and divine prohibitions on how to treat and communicate with patients. The body and secret of the patient are trusted to the doctor, and the physician knows that any failure in diagnosis or treatment is a betrayal of the patient. Expression of the truth to the patient or his fellows is a doctor's duty, as the right to issue a certificate is of great importance, because today the doctor's certificate is the criterion for the judgment of the courts or various civil and social institutions.

Receiving unusual fees from patients, i.e. charges which are higher that the rate approved by the government, has become a widespread phenomenon. This ever-growing issue has turned into a challenge with which patients and medical community are faced. However, some doctors consider it as an offensive and ugly behavior. According to Islamic jurisprudence, treatment of patients and doing medical work is obligatory in cases of non-sufficiency (if there are enough people to do it, other people do not have the religious duty to do it). So, acquiring fees to do it is permitted based on the rates approved by the Islamic government and enforcing higher charges is forbidden. Investigation of this issue is important not only from a jurisprudential and legal perspective but also from a social aspect since the individuals in the society are faced with this challenge. Requiring higher-than-normal charges from patients is forbidden by the laws of Islam for the following reasons: using capital that has been earned through insufficient work, it is an instance of bribery, it is against the national laws and it creates chaos in the society. There are not any reasons to consider such an act permissible. In addition, it goes against ethics in medicine. This study adopts a descriptive-analytical method to investigate the above-mentioned issue.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the teachings of Islam and the Iranian traditional medicine and prevalent medicine points of view on the importance of breastfeeding.

At first, the data were extracted from the relevant Quranic verses, reliable collections of hadith and books of Iranian traditional medicine (ITM). Then prevalent medicine were searched in scientific databases such as Scopus, ScienceDirect and PubMed. Afterextracting the data, the results were classified in terms of concepts and table.

In the Holy Qur'an, several verses have focused on breastfeeding andtheappropriate length of breastfeeding has been considered for two full years. Breastfeeding is also considered as a worthy value in many hadiths.In ITM, breast milk has been considered as the most appropriate type of nutrition for the infants and recommended to continuation the breastfeeding in the first two years of life as much as possible. From the viewpoint of prevalent medicine, exclusive breastfeeding clearly is the preferred method of feeding the infant during the first six months of life, and WHO emphasizes for continuation of breastfeeding during the second year of life.

Taking into account all three perspectives, it is concluded that the feeding of the infant with breast milk in the first two years of life is of special and exclusive importance and cannot be compensated by any alternative form of nourishment.

Recently, spiritual health is the fourth health domain. Spiritual health is based on cultural and religious context. It is necessary to exploring this concept based on Islamic literature. This study was conducted to explore empirical referent of spiritual health based on Imam Reza's speech.

A descriptive study based on literature review was conducted. Thus, based on Khorashadizadeh & et al (2016), this study was retrieved Imam Reza' speech in religious literatures. First hand and valid religious literatures retrieved by searching database and religious software using Imam Reza, speeches, love to creator, Duty- based life, religious rationality, psychological balance, afterlife.

Imam Reza has focused on interaction between body and soul and has special statement in 5 domains: love to creator (faith, trust in God, satisfaction ordained of God, submission to divine instructions, having the spirit of devotion), religious rationality (the enjoyment of sanity, having a vision and clairvoyance), mental (psychological comfort of having), task-oriented (tasks and assignments, improving social relationships, according to the pure life) and focused on the hereafter (doing obligations, prohibitions to avoid, doing good deeds) to evaluate spiritual health.

Spiritual health based on spiritual health is very different from other cultures. Thus, Based on Imam Reza's statements, it is necessary that the medical society in Iran pay attention on interaction between body and soul and empirical referents to promote and assess spiritual health.

Sexual health in Quran, emphasizing regulating sexual desireA heightening look at human’s sexual desire, it is clear that this desire is different from that of thirst and hunger for it is among superior needs such as: passion and equanimity, which requires health and soundness. One of the criterion regarding this matter in Quran is regulating sexual desire.In this study the way of regulating sexual desire is investigated according to Quran. It is an analytical-qualitative research with the purpose of categorizing, description, and analysis of Quranic thoughts toward ‘sexual desire’. The findings implies that sexual health depends on regulating it according to Quranic verses. This includes three methods sexual equilibrium, sexual abstinence, and sexual satisfaction.

Sleep is one of the power works and decree of the goddess of the universe. Which is the source of power and energy.These days, it has come out of the natural state under the influence of certain time conditions which can be a threat to the health of the community.

Given the importance of sleep for human physical and mental health, was tried to pay to the necessity of night's sleep and its related approach to religious teachings by using digital Medicine Collection of Research Center of Quran, Hadith and Medicine’s Sciences.

The method of study in this research is descriptive and it is based on library approach which was written by referring to various scientific and religious books that are in the works of the digital Medicine Collection of Research Center of Quran, Hadith and Medicine’s Sciences and different sites.

The human knowledge these days, emphasizes the importance of sleep, especially night's sleep. Sleep provides comfort and rejuvenation. The best sleep is at night especially in the early hours. Sleep in the daytime is harmful and sometimes fatal. The above materials are listed in the medical texts, verses, hadiths that are in the medical works of digital collections and they has been ordered in Islamic teachings.

Sleep is a comfort and regeneration. The Best sleep happens at night and especially in the early hours of the night. Daytime Sleep is harmful, and in some cases it is fatal. So, all critters should sleep at night and during the day, they must pay to try and provide livelihoods. It is better to adhere to sleep rules to improve sleep quality.